2012 / June

東南亞國家跨界地區之發展：勞工、人權與環境的糾結
Development of Southeast Asian Borderlands: A Tangle of Labor, Human Rights and Environment

孫國祥
Kuo-Hsiang Sun

31-

南華大學國際暨大陸事務學系亞太碩士班副教授
本文重點探討東南亞跨界地區的發展。由於解除管制的結果，東南亞的邊界地區逐漸成為發展中國家廠商、區域和跨國公司投資的目的地。然而，投資一方面導致了自然資源開採的非永續性，另一方面也造成人力資源利用的非正義性。跨國的流動人口和自然資源的關連性，政府接受了邊界地區的「管轄漏洞」。本文經由文獻歸納的案例研究（關於資源開採、大壩的建設，以及製衣工廠的工作條件）的分析，探討全球供應鏈治理的脈絡下，發展中國家的企業如何遵守企業責任在人權、勞工標準和環境永續的行為準則。

關鍵詞：東南亞、邊境、移民、環境、企業
Associate Professor, Department of International Studies, Nanhua University
This paper focuses on the development of borderland regions in Southeast Asia. As a result of deregulation, the border zones in Southeast Asia are becoming the destination of developing country firms, regional and multinational companies to increase economic investment. However, these investment opportunities lead on the one hand to the exploitation of natural resources in an unsustainable manner, and on the other hand, to injustices in human resource utilization. This paper argues that cross-border flow of people and natural resources are closely linked, resulting in Southeast Asia’s governments accepting a jurisdictional loophole in the territorial boundary areas. As a result, it is inevitable that export development projects damage the environment of neighboring regions, mainly due to a lack of political mobilization of the neighboring countries on environmental issues. After a summary of the literature, analysis through case studies (on resource extraction, construction of dams and reservoirs, as well as garment factory working conditions) is used to explore the governance of the global supply chain context, and whether and how enterprises in developing countries comply with corporate responsibility in human rights, as well as codes of conduct for labor standards and environmental sustainability.

Key words: Southeast Asia, borderland, migration workers, firms, environment

【This paper is written in Chinese. Read the Chinese Abstract.】