1988 / November

勞動共營的社會主義國家與資本主義國家之間的雙占競爭及出口補貼政策
Export Subsidy Policy and Duopolistic Rivalry between Labor-Managed and Capitalist Economies

研究論文 Research Article

麥朝成
Chao-cheng Mai

1-13

本文的目的是要探討在勞動共營的社會主義國家與資本主義國家之間在國際市場從事出口競爭時，一國採取出口稅或補貼政策的經濟效果。本文獲致以下的重要結論： ( l ) 勞動共營的社會主義國家若採取出口補貼，將會減少本國的就業量及出口量，而增加資本主義對手國的就業及出口量。 ( 2 ) 勞動共營的社會主義國家及資本主義國家的最適貿易政策都是對出口品課徵出口稅。前者的政策會導致資本主義對手國的福利下降，而使進口第三國的福利上升；後者對共營的社會主義國家的福利效果無法確定，但會使進口國的福利上升。

The purpose of the paper is to examine the economic effects of export tax or subsidy adopted by either a labor-managed or a capitalist economy when they have export competition in an international market. This paper has drawn the following important conclusions: (1) Export subsidization by the labor-managed economy lowers its employ­ment and export, while increases those of the capitalist counterpart. (2) Optimal trade policy adopted by either the labor-managed economy or capitalist economy is export tax. The export tax of the former leads to a decrease in the welfare of the foreign-competing capitalist while an increase in the welfare of the importing country. On the other hand, the latter results in an ambiguous welfare effects on the competing labor­-managed economy, but an increase in the welfare of the importing coun­try.

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