發刊日期/Published Date |
1993年12月
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中英文篇名/Title | 組織績效與結構存續的因果連結 The Relation between Organizational Performance and Persistence |
論文屬性/Type | 研究論文 Research Article |
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頁碼/Pagination | 1-35 |
摘要/Abstract | 組織績效所加諸於結構存續的影響,乍看之下極爲簡單易明,但分析起來卻層層相繞,含義甚深。我們之所以認爲意理簡明,主要是組織結構的定義,如與其他事物相互比較的話,往往具有較爲持久的特性;至於分析起來之所以層層相繞,則是由於組織中所發生的各種問題,深深受到早期所建立之各種既定型態的影響與導引。在現實的環境中,有許多組織的續效 (performance) 並不理想,無論用任何一種標準來加以衡量,都無法達到組織的所有權者、成員,以及服務對象的期望,但是卻可持續的生存下去;尤其在一般的情況下,歷史較久的組織雖較年輕的組織,更具持續生存的韌力,但論其績效,卻又不見得會因年齡的增加而獲得改善。像這種「高存續」(high-persistence)「低績效」(low-performance) 的組織,雖可透過結構惰性 (structure inertia) 的概念來加以說明,但隱藏在結構惰性背後的權力互動,更加值得我們深思。本文的目的,即在於經由文獻的解析,除了說明高度的組織績效與結構存續間的並非必然性之外,並且試圖透過存續策略的模式建構,用以闡釋組織存續的內生特質 (endogenous forces) 與外發的需求 (exogenous pressures)。 The phenomenon of high-persistence, low-performance organizations has led us to reconsider some ideas that have emerged recently in organizational theory. Most theories assume high performing organizations to survive and low performers to fail. But the experience of many organizations suggests otherwise, that low performance is often tolerated because other circumstance prevent owners from closing firms, or public officials from closing obsolete agencies. The issue raised here is whether performance normally takes precedence over other constraints affecting the survival of organizations, or whether performance is subordinated to other constraints. This paper aims to clarify this. |
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