2016年4月

臺灣民眾社經地位對環境行為的影響
The Effect of Socio-economic Status on Environmental Behavior in Taiwan

研究論文 Article

陳郁安, 謝雨生
Yu-An Chen, Yeu-Sheng Hsieh

7-45

本研究目的有三：（1）解析民眾的環境行為類型；（2）探討民眾的社經地位與其環境行為間的關連，並釐清經濟地位和社會地位分別與環境行為的關係；（3）了解民眾的社經地位對其環境行為影響是否有閾限現象。本研究使用中央研究院社會學研究所於2010年執行之「台灣社會變遷基本調查計畫」第六期第一次環境組的資料為分析基礎，採用潛在類別模式、多類別邏輯迴歸模式和分段迴歸模式進行分析。主要的研究發現為：41.5％的臺灣民眾屬於「規範性環境行為型」，44.3％的民眾屬於「個人性環境行為型」，14.3％的民眾則屬於「全面性環境行為型」。臺灣民眾的社經地位與其環境行為有關，高社經地位者較傾向「個人性環境行為型」和「全面性環境行為型」。社會地位對環境行為的影響力大於經濟地位。經濟地位對環境行為的影響存在閾限現象，經濟地位低於閾限值者，其環境行為較偏向「個人性環境行為型」，而經濟地位高於閾限值者則較偏向「規範性環境行為型」。

This article explores the environmental behavior patterns of Taiwanese and their characteristics. It also examines the association between SES and environmental behavior, and compares the differences in the effects between economic status and social status. It finally investigates whether there is a threshold effect of economic status or social status on environmental behavior. The analyzed data are from the Taiwan Social Change Survey in 2010 by the Institute of Sociology of Academia Sinica, Taiwan. Latent class models are utilized to identify latent types of environmental behavior, and multinomial logit regression and spline regression are applied to examine the effects of socioeconomic status on types of environmental behavior. Results suggest that individuals are divided into three types: regulated or normative environmental behavior (41.5%), individual environmental behavior (44.3%) and comprehensive environmental behavior (14.3%). Although overall SES has a significant effect on environmental behavior, only social status shows a significant effect on environmental behavior. Finally, the authors find support for the significant threshold effect of economic status on environmental behavior in which people with low economic status are more likely to engage in individual-type environmental behavior whereas people with high economic status are unexpectedly more likely to practice regulated or normative-type environmental behavior.

環境行為, 社經地位, 經濟地位, 社會地位, 閾限現象
environmental behavior, socioeconomic status, economic status, social status, threshold effect

社會學
Sociology

https://doi.org/10.7014/SRMA.2016040001

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