2018年12月

東南亞汽車產業：跨國的政治經濟比較
Automobile Industry Policy in Southeast Asia: A Cross-Country Comparison

研究論文 Research Paper

戴萬平
Wan Ping Tai

55-86

「發展中國家」建立汽車產業為國家走向工業化的重要途徑。如何理解東協的產業發展？本文藉由政治經濟途徑，進行東協四國汽車產業發展的理論對話。本文發現，東協四國金融風暴後產業政策雖然朝向市場經濟，但是鑲嵌在各自脈絡，有各自的應對而出現不同的產業的發展結果，這一發現本文呼應「鑲嵌自由主義」的理論意涵。泰國的汽車產業較為成功，是因為泰國國家機關就是扮演是「協調市場經濟」與「國家創新體系」的角色：印尼政商關係讓國家無法與社會與市場連接，無助提升產業水平。馬來西亞必須學習如何在「開放與協調」間協調產業與市場經濟。工業化不足的菲律賓僅能在汽車零配件市場找到定位。

The automobile industry plays a leading role in a country’s industrialization. How can the automotive industrial development in ASEAN be understood? This study found that, because of the historical context in these countries, the development of their automobile industries has varied. Under globalization, the economic systems in various countries exhibit low convergence. Researched on the political economy of these countries is necessary to understand the development of their automobile industries. Thailand’s automobile industry is successfully developed because of the government’s crucial role in implementing a coordinated market economy and national system of innovation. In Indonesia, government–business relations hampered the government’s efforts to accord with society and markets, thereby limiting the country’s industrialization. Malaysia must learn how to coordinate industries with its market economy through liberalization and coordination. The Philippines has positioned its automobile industry to manufacture automotive parts because of the country’s limited industrialization.

產業政策, 東南亞, 汽車產業, 工業化, 鑲嵌自由主義
Industry Policy, Southeast Asia,, automobile industry, industrialization, embedded liberalism