2001年6月

污染排放限量規定下環境政策的選擇
Environmental Policies under the Total Emission Control Regulation

研究論文 Research Article

郭虹瑩, 黃鴻, 麥朝成
Horn-in Kou, Hong Hwang, Chao-cheng Mai

195-229

本文欲在給定一相同的總污染排放限量規定之下，分別比較污染稅、商品稅丶污染防治量補貼，以及污染防治成本補貼等四種環境政策的各項經濟效果。本文分析的結果顯示：首先，就產出效果與污染防治投入程度而言，可知污染防治補貼政策的效果最佳，其次為污染稅，最差者為商品稅；至於此二種防治補貼方式下的效果比較，必須視廠商的邊際防治成本、污染防治技術水準、產品的污染性，以及總污染排放水準等因素而定。其次，就褔利效果的比較而言，可知污染稅下的福利效果必然高於商品稅下的結果；至於，課稅與補貼方式之間、或兩種補貼方式之間的褔利效果比較，仍須視廠商的邊際防冶成本、污染防治技術水準、產品的污染性，以及總污染排放水準等因素而定。

Under the total emission control regulation, this theoretical research compares the effects of emission tax, output tax, the pollution abatement level subsidy, and the pollution abatement cost subsidy. First, with respect to output and pollution abatement effects, subsidies are the best, the emission tax is second, and the output tax is the worst. The rankings in output and pollution abatement effects of these two subsidies depend on the firm's marginal cost, pollution abatement technology, the initial output emission, the targeted total emission, etc. Second, with respect to welfare effects, the emission tax is always better than the output tax. The rankings in welfare effects of these four policy instru­ments also depend on the firm's marginal cost, pollution abatement technology, the initial output emission, the targeted total emission, etc.

污染排放限量規定, 污染稅, 商品稅, 污染防治量補貼, 污染防治成本補貼
total emission control, emission tax, output tax, pollution abatement level subsidy, pollution abatement cost subsidy

經濟學
Economics

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