2005年12月

產業聚集效應對就業創造之影響－台灣製造業的實證
Industry Agglometration and Employment Creation －Evidence from Taiwan's Manufacturing Sector

研究論文 Research Article

詹立宇
Li-yu Chan

683-713

本研究利用1991與1996年行政院主計處的工商普查資料，驗證台灣製造業產業聚集與就業創造之關係。除了以距離為基礎來計算較能呈現外部效果的產業聚集指標外，本文還增加了對相關產業聚集的探討，並釐清靜態產業聚集水準與動態產業聚集變化的影響差異。靜態觀察發現，同產業與相關產業的聚集，的確對就業創造有不同的效果，前者有較顯著的正向影響。跨期觀察更發現，前期的產業聚集程度以及產業聚集程度的變化，與就業創造能力有密切的關係：其中相關產業聚集程度的上升，甚至會對產業就業創造產生競爭、排擠的效果。迴歸分析結果除了與前述觀察一致外，更進一步發現產業規模的擴大，對產業的就業創造有正面影響：但是聚集所伴隨的垂直分工程度提高，卻降低了就業創造的能力。

The purpose of this study is to determine the role of industry agglomeration, measured by distance-based method, on industry employ­ment creation in Taiwan's manufacturing sector during 1991-1996. We also check the importance of the related-industry agglomeration, initial industry agglomeration level and industry agglomeration change for industry employment creation. The findings indicate that own-industry and related-industry external effects have different influences on employ­ment creation. Moreover, the base-year and the change of industry agglomeration level are also important. Finally, the scale of industry increases employment creation and vertical disintegration decreases it.

製造業, 產業聚集, 就業創造
manufacturing sector, industry agglomeration, employment creation

經濟學
Economics

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