1997年12月

國土整合規畫制度之研究—德國實施經驗闡述
A Study on the System of Integrated Land Use Planning—the Interpretation of the Demonstration in Germany

研究論文 Research Article

陳明燦
Ming-tsann Chen

1-38

由於土地資源日趨珍貴，環境與生態保護及國土規劃之重要性逐漸受到重視，因此，整合式之規劃制度亦喚起規劃界的探討，本文有鑑於此，乃以德國爲例，並由「行政組織」與「法令規章」兩個面向，探討國土整合規劃制度之內涵。經本文分析發現：在行政組織整合方面，德國在「聯邦」及「邦」層級上均設有「專責式」國土規劃機關，在「區域」及「鄉鎮」層級上，其規劃組織雖較偏向「分散式」之架構，但透過組織機制之建立與運作，順利進行規劃相關意見之協調與溝通，並與中央（聯邦及邦級）國土規劃機關建立良好的溝通模式；在法令規章整合方面，各邦對於空間總體與部門計畫之規劃與整合皆定有法律基礎，並透過規劃義務等整合機制之法制化，確保計畫間之整合。爲進一步分析環境與生態保護及國土規劃之整合關係，本文爰以景觀保護計畫爲例，從上述兩分析面向，探討其與空間總體與部門計畫之整合內容，最後並綜合分析德國國土整合規劃制度之實施特色，以作爲我國未來建構國土整合規劃制度之參考。

Due to the scarcity of land resources, planners have gradually put greater stock into the idea of integrated land use planning. The goal of this paper is therefore to investigate the German integrated land use planning approach, based on the following two aspects: "Administrative Organization" and "Law and Regulation." From the analysis, the follow­ing two findings can be highlighted: Regarding the integration of admin­istrative organizations, there are "specialized forms" of federal and state levels. At regional and local levels, a "separative form" has been adopt­ed. However, through the establishment of an organizational mechanism, the cooperation, and coordination of a planning procedure between cen­tral and local levels is fairly effective. With regard to the integration of law and regulation, each state has legislated some basis for the draf fing and integration of land use planning. In addition, planning obligations have been carried out to integrate many related plans. In order to ana­lyze the relationship between natural resources conservation and land use planning, this paper integrates landscape planning and land use plan­ning based on these two aspects. Finally, this paper describes the charac­teristics of the German integrated land use planning approach, which may have implications for the establishment of a system of integrated land use planning for Taiwan in the future.

國土利用規劃, 整合式規劃方法, 行政組織, 法令規章, 資源保育
Land Use Planning, Integrated Planning Approach, Administrative Organization, Law and Regulation, Resources Conservation

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