2001 / March

再論國家緊急權—以法國制為中心
A Critical Review of the State's Emergency Power with a Focus on the French Law

研究論文 Research Article

陳淳文
Chwen-wen Chen

111-136

本文主旨在重新檢討國家緊急權所引發的相關問題。由於國內學者對該議題已有深入的討論及豐碩的研究成果，本文僅能將焦點集中於國內相對陌生的法國法制上，以期能提供一些補充性的資訊。全文由國家緊急權的概念談起，進而分就緊急權之類型、緊急權之發動及其監督機制、緊急權之運作與運作之監督丶以及緊急權之終止程序等，逐項分析並檢討制度之特徵。作者最終認爲：法規範的約制固然重要，但人民的人權理念與憲法意識，恐怕才是避免國家緊急權被濫用的最重要因素。

This article examines the question of the state's emergency power. First, we review the concept of the state's emergency power. Next, we study the typology and processes of initiating the state's emergency power as well as the mechanism of its control. Moreover, we analyze the emergency measures and different controls on executive power during a state of emergency along with the processes of terminating the state's emergency power. In conclusion, we believe that citizens' consciousness of human and constitutional rights is more important to consider than legal regulations in order to avoid the state's abuse of emergency power.

國家緊急權, 特別權力, 圍城狀態, 緊急狀態, 緊戒狀態, 必要無法律
state's emergency power, exceptional power, l'état de siège, l'état d'urgence, la mise en garde, necessitas non habet legem

法律學
Law

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